Using a computer, iPad, or cell phone landfills and renewable energy plants can diagnose and balance wellfields faster and more efficiently. Office and field stay in touch 24/7, shortening compliance time. This week, SCS Field Services demonstrates how it works – in a monthly educational forum open to landfill and landfill gas management, renewable energy staff, and agencies.
Liquid Level Diagram Report to Improve LFG Extraction – By viewing the real-time relationships between liquids accumulated in landfill gas extraction wells and the perforated portion of the wells, your data shows how liquids impact well perforations, which can reduce, restrict, or prohibit landfill gas extraction. You’ll see well profiles, where the liquids are, if they’re potentially impacting perforations, how much solid pipe is on the well, and where the current liquid elevation is within the well in relation to the amount of perforated pipe.
SCS MobileTools – is a portable version of SCS DataServices, which provides data access while the technician conducts field measurements in the wellfield. Technicians can access their historical wellfield data from their smartphone or smart tablet. As the technician progresses through monitoring, the project team gets updates while the data is being collected in the field. SCS MobileTools uploads the data into DataServices, generating updated information like the Liquid Level Diagram Report for the project team.
6-Month Wellfield Data Review Report to Gauge Actions to Results – The Report illustrates wellfield performance over the previous six-month period for the different parameters that owners and operators value. Wellfield trends and progress show at a glance if methane is up, oxygen is down, the balance gas is down, or the flow per well is up. Are you losing the vacuum on any wells? It also provides a visual snapshot assessment of your most current month’s data and is useful to demonstrate if field actions are getting the desired results.
Exceedance Tracking and Exceedance Manager for Compliance Actions – Addressing NSPS exceedances or similar issues is already available in SCS DataServices. The Exceedance Manager details closeouts and actions for state and federal compliance reporting. As your staff works, it builds a record for responding to NSPS, OOO, XXX, and NESHAP Quad A reporting.
So whether you use an air consultant on an individual facility or manage multiple facilities, your staff can get the documented reason of how an exceedance was closed up and exactly when meeting crucial timelines of five days, 15 days, 60 days, 75 days, and 120 days. It provides a good compliance record for the supporting air consultant and regulatory authority.
SCS Surface Emissions Module – SCS has added a Surface Emissions module for uploading, reviewing, and tracking SEM exceedances. Having all of your wellfield and NSPS compliance data in one place provides landfill compliance personnel with peace of mind that all of the data has been captured and is being stored and managed in a single location, while providing easy access to other pertinent wellfield data. We’ll also show you how the Surface Emissions Monitoring features with an Exceedance Manager document NSPS exceedance tracking and cleanup for surface emissions monitoring events.
Reduce labor hours and shorten compliance timelines by reviewing wellfield data from your GCCS. Our SCS Field Services panelists demonstrate how to transform wellfield data into critical and actionable information.
Liquid Level Diagram Report to Improve LFG Extraction – By viewing the real-time relationships between liquids accumulated in landfill gas extraction wells and the perforated portion of the wells, your data shows how liquids impact well perforations, which can reduce, restrict, or prohibit landfill gas extraction. You’ll see well profiles, where the liquids are, and if they’re potentially impacting perforations, how much solid pipe is on the well, and where the current liquid elevation is within the well in relation to the amount of perforated pipe.
SCS MobileTools – is a portable version of SCS DataServices, which provides data access while the technician conducts field measurements in the wellfield. Technicians can access their historical wellfield data from their smartphone or smart tablet. As the technician progresses through monitoring, the project team gets updates while the data is being collected in the field. SCS MobileTools uploads the data into DataServices, generating updated information like the Liquid Level Diagram Report for the project team.
6-Month Wellfield Data Review Report to Gauge Actions to Results – The Report illustrates wellfield performance over the previous six-month period for the different parameters that owners and operators value. Wellfield trends and progress show at a glance if methane is up, oxygen is down, the balance gas is down, or the flow per well is up. Are you losing the vacuum on any wells? It also provides a visual snapshot assessment of your most current month’s data and is useful to demonstrate if field actions are getting the desired results.
Exceedance Tracking and Exceedance Manager for Compliance Actions – Addressing NSPS exceedances or similar issues is already available in SCS DataServices. The Exceedance Manager details closeouts and actions for state and federal compliance reporting. As your staff works, it builds a record for responding to NSPS, OOO, XXX, and NESHAP Quad A reporting.
So whether you use an air consultant on an individual facility or manage multiple facilities, your staff can get the documented reason of how an exceedance was closed up and exactly when meeting crucial timelines of five days, 15 days, 60 days, 75 days, and 120 days. It provides a good compliance record for the supporting air consultant and regulatory authority.
SCS Surface Emissions Module – SCS has added a Surface Emissions module for uploading, reviewing, and tracking SEM exceedances. Having all of your wellfield and NSPS compliance data in one place provides landfill compliance personnel with peace of mind that all of the data has been captured and is being stored and managed in a single location, while providing easy access to other pertinent wellfield data. We’ll also show you how the Surface Emissions Monitoring features with an Exceedance Manager document NSPS exceedance tracking and cleanup for surface emissions monitoring events.
Join SCS Engineers at the 39th Annual Northwest Regional Symposium!
The Beaver Chapter of SWANA is happy to announce the return of the 39th Annual Northwest Regional Symposium, taking place May 1st – May 3rd, 2024, at the historic McMenamins Edgefield in Troutdale, Oregon. This years theme is Innovation: Shaping the Future of Materials Management.
Throughout the Symposium, participants will be able to engage in discussions, collaborative sessions, and hands-on workshops aimed at driving positive change and fostering innovation in the field of materials management. From exploring emerging technologies to addressing environmental challenges, the Symposium provides a holistic perspective on the evolving landscape of waste management and sustainability.
Whether you’re a seasoned veteran or new to the field, this symposium offers invaluable insights, resources, and opportunities to stay ahead of the curve. Don’t miss this opportunity to be part of a transformative experience in materials management!
Click here for more information and registration details.
Join SCS Engineers at the 2024 Food and Beverage Environmental Conference on April 16-19! The conference will be held at Hotel Effie in Miramar Beach, FL.
The 2024 Food and Beverage Environmental Conference (FBEC) is a premier gathering for environmental professionals in the food and beverage industry nationwide. Discover the latest trends in sustainability, water management, supply chain dynamics, air quality, environmental compliance, and professional development.
At the Food and Beverage Environmental Conference, delve into an array of topics crucial to environmental stewardship in the food and beverage sector. From craft breweries to pet food manufacturers, grocery stores, and stakeholders in nutrition, farming, and processing, explore the entire industry spectrum. Join us for insightful discussions and networking opportunities.
Click here for schedule, registration, and other conference details.
Join SCS Engineers at the 2024 Food and Beverage Environmental Conference on April 16-19! The conference will be held at Hotel Effie in Miramar Beach, FL.
The 2024 Food and Beverage Environmental Conference (FBEC) stands as the premier gathering for environmental professionals within the food and beverage industry across the United States. This event serves as a pivotal platform for exploring the latest trends and innovations influencing sustainability, water resource management, supply chain dynamics, air quality enhancement, environmental compliance, and professional development.
At the conference, attendees will be able to delve into a diverse array of topics crucial to environmental stewardship in the food and beverage sector. From craft breweries and distilleries to pet food manufacturers, grocery stores, and stakeholders involved in nutrition, farming, processing, transportation, distribution, and supply chain management, the Food and Beverage Conference encompasses the entire spectrum of industry involvement.
For more information and registration click here!
Organics diversion is a hot topic, highlighting the need for more recycling to help communities benefit from methane emission reductions and decarbonization. Methane emissions from organic waste, such as food and plants, are largely preventable and comprise a significant portion of the U.S. waste stream. That makes actions to reduce these emissions popular, such as diverting waste from landfills, establishing recycling and composting programs, and energy recovery from organic materials – they create social and economic opportunities. At the same time, the programs make significant progress toward climate action goals.
Federal Grant Funding
The U.S. government has grant funding available to assist state and local government and non-profit organizations in increasing organic diversion. Currently, several agencies and departments have grants available. These are the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).
Finding the Right Grant
ReFED has partnered with the Natural Resources Defense Council to develop a Federal Grants Database to provide a centralized place to identify funding. The Resources and Guides | ReFED database provides the grant name, the agency, a description, the deadlines, the eligibility, a link to the grant, and other useful information.
EPA’s current grant programs are:
At least eight of the SWIFR grants are organics-related, and the communities that are taking advantage of them are as follows:
More details on each of these projects are here.
EPA also has the Climate Pollution Reduction Grants that the states and other regional authorities will administer. The states and regional authorities are developing their implementation plans for these grants. SCS Engineers expects food scrap and composting projects to be some of the many projects eligible for these grants.
DOE has two grant programs:
USDA has several grant opportunities related to food waste, including:
In January, the USDA announced an investment of approximately $11.5 million in 38 cooperative agreements that support innovative, scalable waste management plans to reduce and divert food waste from landfills. The Composting and Food Waste Reduction cooperative agreements, which the American Rescue Plan Act funds, are part of USDA’s broad support for urban agriculture.
Among the projects, the Southeastern Connecticut Regional Resources Recovery Authority proposes to construct and operate southeastern Connecticut’s first and only commercial-scale food waste composting facility, creating the necessary infrastructure to divert the region’s organic material from the municipal solid waste stream, generate a local source of high-quality compost, and increase awareness of the importance of food waste reduction and recycling. SCS assisted with the design and permitting of this project.
The USDA’s Fertilizer Production Expansion Program (FPEP) provides grants to help eligible applicants increase or expand the manufacturing and processing of fertilizer and nutrient alternatives in the United States. The Compost Crew in Maryland has received tentative notice of funding for a new compost facility. SCS assisted with the design of this project.
For States and Communities Getting Started
Historically, feasibility studies and pilot programs make excellent first steps toward decarbonization, recycling, composting, and zero waste programs. Many states and communities start with waste composition and feasibility studies or pilot programs.
Truly sustainable programs balance economic, environmental, and social factors to ensure they work long-term and comply with grant terms. These services are available from reputable sustainable materials management engineers and consultants who understand all aspects of solid waste management and federal and local air, water, and soil regulations.
Additional Resources:
About the Author: Dana Murray Blumberg, PE, is SCS Engineers’ Vice President for International Services and our National Expert on Federal Services. She has three decades of professional experience in civil/environmental engineering, including landfill gas emissions modeling and collection system design; landfill gas energy technology evaluation, feasibility analysis, energy user outreach and analysis; landfill closures; transfer station design and construction; and stormwater hydrology and hydraulics.
Join SCS Engineers at the 40th Annual VWEA Industrial Waste and Pretreatment Conference, with the theme “Storytelling Through the Four P’s: People, Pollutants, Pretreatment, and Perspectives.” On March 4-5 at the Hotel Madison in Harrisonburg, VA, this conference will be an enlightening and enriching experience for professionals in the field.
The conference offers a comprehensive program, including technical sessions, workshops, and networking opportunities aimed at exploring the latest trends, innovations, and challenges in industrial waste management and pretreatment processes. As a participant, you’ll have the chance to engage with industry experts, regulatory authorities, and fellow practitioners to exchange insights, best practices, and practical solutions.
Join thousands of your peers at the forefront of industrial waste management and pretreatment practices. Whether you’re seeking to enhance your knowledge, expand your professional network, or showcase your company’s expertise, the Industrial Waste and Pretreatment Conference is the premier platform to achieve your goals and drive positive change in the industry.
Click here for schedule, registration, and other event details.
When it comes to running your facility, there are many things you are constantly considering and managing. The list can seem never-ending, from worker safety to product supply chain and staying staffed. The last thing you want is a surprise visit from your local, state, or federal regulator that goes badly. Here are five things to look for to avoid unpleasant surprises to ensure your aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) are inspection-ready.
Make sure that your AST secondary containment is empty. The secondary containment design is to prevent spills and leaks from reaching the environment, so the containment should be emptied after each rain, once the contents are verified to be only stormwater and free of sheen. Also, regular cleaning of the secondary containment of algae and debris build-up avoids potential issues during inspections.
A locked containment drain valve is essential to demonstrate compliance with your visiting regulator. The locked valve will prevent any unauthorized connections, which can lead to potential environmental hazards. For instance, during my time at the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality, a facility was fined because an untrained maintenance technician had drained an overflowing paint tank to a nearby stream via a garden hose connected to the secondary containment valve. By locking your containment drain valve, you mitigate risks and show your commitment to environmental safety.
Ensure you update staff on spill response training. Proper training is key to handling spills efficiently and safely. By providing your employees with the necessary knowledge and skills, you can create a proactive culture of environmental responsibility within your organization.
Have a fully stocked spill kit next to your tank and other likely spill points. Accidents happen, and it is crucial to be prepared with the proper supplies for potential spills. Having a spill kit ready and available can help you respond quickly and effectively, minimizing any environmental impact. Your SPCC Plan should include a list of spill kit locations, the contents of each spill kit, and a schedule for inspection of these kits. Following your SPCC Plan’s inspection schedule and forms will help you check and replenish the spill kit to ensure they are always ready for you when needed.
Check that your AST safety features are in good working order. Your tanks should have functioning fill gauges and alarms. These devices are essential for monitoring the contents’ level and preventing overfilling, which can lead to spills and other hazardous situations. Another crucial aspect to consider is the functioning of the emergency vent. Common issues with emergency vents include manway bolts that are secured too tightly without any slack, painted-over vents, or busted heat latches that can allow water to enter.
Regularly inspect and maintain all of these to ensure their proper functioning – they play vital roles in preventing spills and other potential tank failures. Remember to keep a copy of all your inspection forms to show your visiting regulator – it gives agencies confidence in your ability to protect the environment.
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Being prepared for tank inspections is essential for any facility managing ASTs. Following the recommendations above demonstrates your commitment to worker and community safety, product supply chain integrity, and environmental responsibility.
Additional Resources:
About the Author: Benjamin Reynolds is a Senior Project Professional in our Little Rock, Arkansas, office. He is experienced in Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures (SPCC) Plans, Tank Assessments, Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans (SWPPPs), and Phase I and Phase II Environmental Site Assessments. He is a Professional Engineer licensed in Arkansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Florida.
Reach out to Ben at or on LinkedIn.
In response to its PFAS Strategic Roadmap, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated two regulatory actions under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) to tackle PFAS pollution. Once implemented, these measures will empower federal and state agencies with advanced tools for PFAS remediation.
The initial proposed regulation intends to designate specific PFAS as “hazardous constituents” within RCRA’s framework, making them subject to detailed scrutiny and cleanup actions at sites handling hazardous waste.
The second proposed rule aims to affirm that new contaminants, including certain PFAS that are not currently classified as “hazardous wastes” yet align with the definition of “hazardous waste” in RCRA section 1004(5), should be managed equivalently to traditional hazardous wastes in the context of corrective actions. Listing these PFAS as RCRA hazardous constituents does not make them, or the wastes containing them, RCRA hazardous wastes.
On February 8, 2024, the EPA proposed to add nine PFAS compounds to the list of “hazardous constituents” to be considered “in RCRA facility assessments and, where necessary, further investigation and cleanup through the RCRA corrective action process.” Appendix VIII to Part 261 – Hazardous Constituents shown at right.
If finalized, this hazardous constituent listing would form part of the basis for any future action the EPA may take to list these substances as hazardous waste.
EPA’s criteria for listing substances as hazardous constituents under RCRA require that they have been shown in scientific studies to have toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic effects on humans or other life forms.
Entities potentially affected by the proposed rule include hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs) with solid waste management units (SWMUs) that have released or could release any of the PFAS proposed to be listed as RCRA hazardous constituents. EPA has identified 1,740 such facilities, which could be subject to additional corrective action requirements. “Waste Management and Remediation Services” had the highest number of facilities (359) with a high likelihood of handling PFAS.
The primary goal of the suggested amendment is to update 40 CFR 264.101 so that it accurately mirrors the requirements for corrective action cleanups at hazardous waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) as specified by RCRA sections 3004(u) and (v). The modifications are designed to clarify that the management of hazardous waste releases, including those not categorized as hazardous under current regulations but fitting the broader definition in RCRA section 1004(5), should adhere to the established protocols for hazardous waste under the corrective action program. Focusing on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), this regulatory action is a crucial part of the EPA’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap.
Should this proposed regulation be adopted, it would mean that PFAS would be specifically included as hazardous constituents to be considered during facility assessments and, where necessary, further investigation and cleanup under the RCRA corrective action process at hazardous waste TSDFs.
The proposed regulation states that “solid waste disposal facilities, such as those for municipal waste or construction and demolition debris, would not be subject to RCRA corrective action requirements unless they also function as hazardous waste TSDFs.”
Subtitle D of RCRA covers non-hazardous solid waste management, including municipal solid waste landfills, which are subject to different regulations than hazardous waste facilities (regulated under Subtitle C).
Although the recent proposal by the EPA to revise RCRA does not aim at mandating corrective actions at municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, it sets the stage for probable future amendments under Subtitle C that might classify certain PFAS-containing waste streams, currently considered non-hazardous, as hazardous waste (e.g., listed or characteristic wastes).
While it is premature to predict the impact of future hazardous waste regulations on MSW landfills, it is appropriate to begin collecting information on PFAS waste and assessing potential effects now. Landfills that have implemented special waste review programs (for example, for non-hazardous industrial wastes like wastewater treatment sludge) are advised to expand their waste characterization efforts within these programs to include requests for data on the presence and concentration of the nine PFAS constituents highlighted in the proposed RCRA rule. Additionally, landfills without such review programs are encouraged to consider establishing them.
Additional Resources/Legislation:
About the Authors: Connect with our authors and experts at
Jeff Marshall, PE, is a Vice President of SCS Engineers, Environmental Services Practice Leader for SCS offices in the Mid-Atlantic region, and our National Expert on Emerging Contaminants and Innovative Technologies. His four decades of experience include a diversified project engineering and management background, emphasizing environmental chemistry, hazardous materials, waste, and human health risk issues. Focus areas include environmental permitting, regulatory compliance, and hazardous materials treatment and remediation. He is a licensed professional engineer in Virginia, Maryland, West Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
Thirty years ago this week, on February 11, 1994, then-President Bill Clinton signed Executive Order 12898, Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice In Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations. The Executive Order marked the first government action on environmental justice and an important part of the environmental justice movement.
Executive Order 12898 directed government agencies (particularly the US Environmental Protection Agency or EPA) to develop plans and strategies to help address any disproportionally high and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs on minority and low-income populations.
Redlining
Executive Order 12898 responded to changes that began during the Civil Rights Movement. Minority groups, particularly African Americans, began to object to discriminatory practices long entrenched in government policy. The most notable being the practice of “redlining.” In the 1930s, the United States worked to end the Great Depression. To encourage banks to lend money for mortgages, the federal government began insuring or underwriting housing loans; however, government inspectors designated African American and immigrant neighborhoods uninsurable, and the residents could not obtain loans. Landlords were not vested in maintaining their properties, and much of the housing became sub-standard. Inexpensive swaths of property inside city limits encouraged businesses and industry to purchase and develop this land, increasing pollution from traffic, industrial processes, and edging out small businesses.
Solid Waste Disposal
In 1979, Texas Southern University sociologist Robert D Bullard, Ph.D., studied solid waste disposal sites in Houston, Texas, for a class-action lawsuit seeking to prevent the siting of a new landfill near the Northwood Manner subdivision, a Black, middle-class neighborhood. Dr. Bullard’s work found that five out of five city-owned landfills and six of the eight city-owned incinerators were in Black neighborhoods. While the case was lost, it increased awareness of environmental issues in minority communities.
Hazardous Waste
In 1982, North Carolina sited a toxic waste landfill in Afton, a rural Black community in Warren County, to hold 40,000 cubic tons of polychlorinated biphenyls from illegally dumped contaminated soil along state roads and highways. For six weeks, residents and activists protested, marking what many consider the birth of the Environmental Justice Movement. The contaminated soil ultimately went into the landfill and eventually caused a release that cost the state $18 million to clean up.
In subsequent years, the movement began to attract the attention of public officials. In 1983, the US General Accounting Office Study released the location of Hazardous Waste Landfills. It took another seven years before the federal government began to consider policy change when, in 1990, the Environmental Equity Workgroup was formed to gather information and make recommendations to the government, leading to the creation of EO 12898.
Gaining Traction
Throughout the 2010s, the EPA published a series of plans and guidance documents, including the public release of EJScreen in 2014, the Technical Guidance for Assessing Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis, and the Environmental Justice Research Roadmap in 2016.
In 2022, EPA Administrator Michael Regan traveled to Warren County, North Carolina, to officially create the new Office of Environmental Justice and External Civil Rights. Several people involved in the 1982 PCB protests were in attendance.
Today’s Protections
State and federal environmental permitting now requires Environmental Justice (EJ) reviews. Fortunately, most, if not all, of the necessary EJ review data is publicly available online. For example, environmental professionals use EPA’s EJScreen regularly for EJ reviews, and many states have developed or are developing interactive data tools.
In the past decade, the US Census Bureau developed a searchable, interactive online database, and in 2021, the US Council of Environmental Quality released the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool. Other online data sources include the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs, and individual state, county, and tribal organizations. These data not only allow us to meet permitting requirements and identify community challenges but also help guide outreach and facilitate communication with stakeholders.
On April 21, 2023, President Biden signed Executive Order 14096, Revitalizing Our Nation’s Commitment to Environmental Justice for All, expanding upon the direction and intent of EO 12898. Thirty years on, we can see the effects of EO 12898 on incorporating environmental justice into environmental policy so that all people can have a healthier, safer, greener place to live, work, and play.
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